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Outremer

Advocatus

With Jerusalem secure, many of the Crusaders toured the holy places and prepared to go home; most were gone by the end of September. Of the leaders, Baldwin was at Edessa, and Raymond headed north again to contest Antioch with Bohemond. By November, Godfrey could command only about three hundred knights and a few thousand foot soldiers.

Some of these knights began securing the surrounding towns; most important of these was Tancred, who captured Tiberias and was made Count of Tiberias by Godfrey. His county included Nazareth and Beisan; later it was known as the principality of Galilee. Tancred was Godfrey's vassal and generally answered the call when needed.

In the winter of 1099, reinforcements arrived. A fleet had set out from Pisa and had arrived first at Lattakieh. After meddling a bit in Antiochene politics there, the Pisans went south and spent the Christmas season at Jerusalem. The fleet brought more than just supplies, however. Baldwin of Edessa and Bohemond of Antioch both travelled with the fleet from the north, finally fulfilling their Crusader vows. With them came Daimbert, the Archbishop of Pisa and the man designated by Pope Paschal to be the Patriarch of Jerusalem.

With the Pisan fleet and the Norman knights to back him up, Daimbert was able to pressure Godfrey into allowing Arnulf to be deposed and Daimbert became the first official Patriarch of Jerusalem. While technically Arnulf had little right to be Patriarch, Daimbert's heavy-handed behavior only furthered the political rivalries among the Crusader princes.

Godfrey spent the spring subduing the countryside around Jerusalem. The Pisans went home, then in June a Venetian fleet arrived. Godfrey was delighted to have someone to help him counter-balance Daimbert's influence and he granted to the Venetians extraordinary privileges: they would have a third of every town they helped capture, plus trading privileges throughout the state. But even as he negotiated, Godfrey fell ill. On July 18, 1100, Godfrey of Bouillon died.

Daimbert was with Tancred and the army, marching on Jaffa and Acre. With him gone, the nobles at Jerusalem on their own summoned Godfrey's brother, Baldwin of Edessa. Daimbert claimed that he was the true ruler of Jerusalem, in the name of the papacy, but the nobles chose to treat Jerusalem as a hereditary fief and so it naturally fell to the next of kin. Daimbert rushed back to Jerusalem as soon as he heard the news, but by then it was too late.