Crusades Timeline: 1198-1214

Note: where only the year is known, the event is listed last in the events for that year.

• 1095-1099 • 1100-1120 • 1121-1144 • 1145-1163 • 1164-1187 • 1188-1197 • 1198-1214 •
1215-1220 • 1221-1229 • 1230-1248 • 1249-1257 • 1258-1269 • 1270-1291 •
Events in Outremer Events in Europe
1198 Jan 8 Pope Celestine III dies; Innocent III elected
Feb 2 German crusaders retreat from siege of Toron in the face of an advancing Egyptian army
Mar 6 Philip Hohenstaufen of Swabia elected King of the Romans
May 17 Frederick II crowned King of Sicily
Jul Otto IV Welf captures Cologne and is elected King of the Romans, in rivalry with Philip Hohenstaufen
Aug 15 Innocent III proclaims the Fourth Crusade
Sep Richard defeats Philip at Gisors
Nov Frederick II becomes a ward of Innocent III
Dec 12 Averroes dies (72)
Ottokar I crowned King of Bohemia
1199 Jan 13 Truce between Philip and Richard
Apr 6 Death of King Richard I of England
May 27 John crowned King of England
First year of the English Chancery Rolls
Novgorod grants trading rights to German merchants
Innocent III taxes entire church for the Fourth Crusade, first such direct papal taxation
1200 Foundation of the Beguines at Liège
Royal charter for Paris University
Carmina Burana
1201 Apr Venice agrees to provide transport for the Fourth Crusade
Jul Innocent recognizes Otto as King of the Romans
Foundation of Riga
1202 Mar 9 Death of Sverre of Norway; succeeded by Haakon III
Mar 30 Joachim of Flora dies (70)
Nov 12 Death of Cnut VI of Denmark; succeeded by his brother Waldemar II
Nov 15 Crusaders capture Zara
Liber Abaci, by Leonardo Fibonacci of Pisa, the first Latin account of Arabic numerals
1203 Apr 3 John allegedly murders Arthur of Brittany; most of John's vassals desert him
Jul 17 Crusaders enter Constantinople; Alexius III flees; Isaac II restored
Aug 1 Crusaders install Alexius IV Angelus as emperor
Siena University founded
1204 Jan Greeks riot and proclaim Nicholas Canabus emperor, and they murder Isaac II
Jan 1 Death of Haakon III of Norway; succeeded by Gottorm
Feb 8 Alexius IV murdered and Canabus imprisoned; Alexius V Ducas Murtzuphlus becomes emperor
Mar 8 Philip captures Château Gaillard
Apr 1 Death of Eleanor of Aquitaine
Apr 12 Crusaders capture and sack Constantinople; Alexius V flees
May Alexius Comnenus seizes Trebizond and establishes a new Greek empire
May 16 Baldwin, Count of Flanders, crowned as Latin Emperor
Jun 24 Rouen falls to Philip, completing his conquest of Normandy
Aug Gottorm of Norway dies; succeeded by Inge II
Sep Al-Adil and Amalric of Jerusalem sign a six-year peace treaty
Oct Greek Empire is partitioned by the Latins
Dec Theodore Lascaris is defeated by Baldwin
Crusaders defeat Michael Ducas at Koundoura in Messenia, leading to the creation of the Frankish state of the Morea (southern Greece)
Sword Brothers founded by Bishop Albert of Riga
Death of Maimonides
1205 Jan 6 Philip of Swabia crowned as King of the Romans
Feb Kalojan of Bulgaria attacks Adrianople
Mar English barons refuse to fight for John in France
Apr 1 Death of Amalric II; his widow, Isabella, rules in her own right until she dies the same year, then is succeeded by her daughter, Maria; Hugh I succeeds as King of Cyprus
Apr 14 Kalojan defeats and captures Emperor Baldwin
Jun 1 Death of Enrico Dandolo of Venice
Ladislas of Hungary deposed by Andrew II
Dominicans begin preaching to the Albigensians
Innocent III issues Vergentis in senium, by which heretics and their heirs are to be deprived of all their property and goods
Noyon Cathedral completed
1206 spring Temujan hailed by the Mongols as Ghengiz Khan
Jun John campaigns against Philip in Poitou
Jul 27 Philip of Swabia defeats Otto IV at Wassenburg
Aug Kalojan destroys Adrianople
Aug 20 Emperor Baldwin of Constantinople dies in captivity; succeeded by his brother Henry of Flanders; his daughter, Joanna, succeeds in Flanders
Oct 26 John and Philip sign a 2-year treaty of peace
Dec Stephen Langton becomes Archbishop of Canterbury, but King John refuses to recognize him
1207 Jan Philip of Swabia takes Cologne
Sep Boniface of Montferrat, King of Thessalonica, is killed in an ambush by Bulgars
Oct 1 Henry III of England is born
Oct 8 Death of Kalojan, Emperor of Bulgaria
Nov 17 King Philip II of France refuses to lead a crusade against the Albigensians
Venice takes Corfù
Marco Sanudo becomes Duke of the Archipelago
Pope Innocent confirms Ottokar as King of Bohemia
1208 Feb 24 St. Francis has the vision that leads to his calling
Mar 23 Innocent lays England under interdict over the Stephen Langton affair
Apr Theodore Lascaris crowned Greek Emperor at Nicaea
Jun 21 Philip of Swabia murdered by an unhappy office-seeker
Jul 31 The Latins defeat the Bulgars
Nov 11 Otto IV elected King of the Romans
Nov 17 Innocent appeals to the northern French nobility to attack the Albigensians
Choir of Lincoln Cathedral completed
Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, which includes the story of Amleth (=Hamlet)
1209 Jan 5 Richard of Cornwall born
Jun 17 Raymond VI of Toulouse submits to the pope and is pardoned by a papal legate
Jul 22 Sack of Béziers by the Albigensian crusaders
Aug 2 John signs a peace treaty with William II of Scotland after a successful invasion of that country
Aug 15 Albigensian Crusaders take Carcassonne
Oct Welsh princes do homage to King John
Nov John is excommunicated over the Langton affair
Philip completes the walls of Paris
Geoffrey of Villehardouin becomes Prince of Achaea (=Morea)
Thamar, Queen of Georgia, captures the city of Kars from the Turks
Cambridge University founded
1210 Jun John invades Ireland
Jul 17 Sverker II defeated, killed and succeeded by Eric X, the first Swedish king to be annointed, by the Archbishop of Upsala
Oct 3 John of Brienne becomes King of Jerusalem by virtue of his marriage to Maria
Nov Otto IV attacks Apulia; Innocent excommunicates him and the German princes rebel
Herman von Salza obtains privileges for the Teutonic Knights
Waldemar of Denmark conquers Danzig
Reims Cathedral begun
Gottfried von Strassburg, Tristan und Isolde
Latin translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics
1211 Mar 27 Death of Sancho I of Portugal; succeeded by his son Afonso II
Mar 30 Pope Innocent excommunicates Emperor Otto IV
May John makes war on Llewelyn of Wales
Sep German princes offer the crown to Frederick (II)
Oct 15 Henry of Flanders defeats Theodore Lascaris and captures Pergamum
1212 Jan Joanna of Flanders marries Ferrand of Portugal
Jul 16 Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
Sep 26 Frederick II recognizes Bohemia as an autonomous kingdom and Ottokar as its ruler
Nov 19 Frederick and Philip ally against John and Otto
Dec 9 Frederick crowned King of the Romans
Venetians occupy Crete
Death of Thamar the Great, Queen of Georgia; succeeded by her son George IV
Children's Crusade
Wolfram von Eschenbach, Parzival
Arnold of Lübeck, continuation of Helmold's Chronicle of the Slavs
1213 Apr 19 Innocent proclaims Fifth Crusade and removes the indulgences for the Albigensian Crusade
May 13 John yields to Pope Innocent; he also gives England to the pope, then receives it back again as a papal fief
May 30 English destroy a French fleet that is poised to invade England
Sep 12 Battle of Muret; Simon de Montfort defeats Raymond of Toulouse and kills Raymond's ally Pedro II of Aragon (succeeded by his infant son James I; civil war ensues in Aragon)
Sep 28 Magyar nobles kill Queen Gertrude of Hungary
Geoffroi de Villehardouin, Conquest of Constantinople
1214 Feb 15 John invades France
Jul 27 Battle of Bouvines
Sep 18 John makes a truce with Philip
Oct Death of Alfonso VIII of Castile; succeeded by his child Henry I; civil war follows
Dec Peace treaty between Theodore Lascaris and Henry of Flanders
Dec 4 Death of William II the Lion of Scotland; succeeded by his son Alexander II
Frederick invests the Wittelsbachs with the Rhenish Palatinate