Crusades Timeline: 1249-1257
Note: where only the year is known, the event is listed last in the events for that year.
•
1095-1099 •
1100-1120 •
1121-1144 •
1145-1163 •
1164-1187 •
1188-1197 •
1198-1214 •
1215-1220 • 1221-1229 • 1230-1248 • 1249-1257 • 1258-1269 • 1270-1291 •
1215-1220 • 1221-1229 • 1230-1248 • 1249-1257 • 1258-1269 • 1270-1291 •
| Events in Outremer | Events in Europe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1249 | May 26 | Bolognese defeat and capture Frederick's son Enzio, King of Sardinia, at La Fossalta | |
| Jun 5 | Louis lands in Egypt, Seventh Crusade | ||
| Jun 6 | Louis enters Damietta | ||
| Jul 8 | Death of Alexander II, King of Scotland; succeeded by his son Alexander III | ||
| Sep 27 | Death of Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse; succeeded by his son-in-law, Alfonse of Poitiers, brother of Louis IX | ||
| Nov 23 | Death of Ayyub, Sultan of Egypt; succeeded by his son, Turan Shah | ||
| 1250 | Feb 2 | Death of Eric XI of Sweden; succeeded by his nephew, Waldemar I | |
| Feb 8 | Louis defeats the Egyptians at Mansurah | ||
| Apr 6 | Egyptians defeat and capture Louis while he is withdrawing from Mansurah | ||
| May 2 | Turan Shah murdered by Mamluk guards; end of the Ayyubid dynasty and beginning of the Mamluks | ||
| May 6 | Louis is released after surrendering Damietta; he goes to Acre | ||
| Aug 9 | Eric IV of Denmark murdered; succeeded by his brother Abel | ||
| Dec 13 | Death of Frederick II; succeeded by his son Conrad IV in Sicily | ||
| Revolt in Gascony against Simon de Montfort | |||
| Otto and John of Brandenburg found Frankfurt am Oder and establish the Neumark | |||
| 1251 | Mar | Rebellion in Sicily against Conrad IV | |
| May | Simon de Montfort suppresses the rebellion in Gascony | ||
| Shepherds' Crusade | |||
| War breaks out over Styria between Ottokar of Bohemia and Béla of Hungary | |||
| 1252 | May 30 | Death of St. Ferdinand III, King of Castile and Leon; succeeded by his son, Alfonso X | |
| Jun 29 | King Abel of Denmark defeated and killed by the Frisians; succeeded by his brother, Christopher I | ||
| The people of Rome revolt against Innocent, establishing a commune under a Podestà | |||
| Alexander Nevski appointed Grand Duke of Vladimir | |||
| Florence begins to coin the gold florin | |||
| Hansa merchants receive trading privileges in Bruges | |||
| Pope Innocent IV's bull ad extirpanda orders the use of torture in the examination of heretics | |||
| 1253 | Jul 8 | Death of Theobald I of Navarrre; succeeded by his son Theobald II | |
| Aug 11 | Death of St. Clara (60) | ||
| Oct 9 | Death of Robert Grosseteste | ||
| Oct 10 | Death of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia; succeeded by his son Ottokar II | ||
| Louis IX sends William of Rubruck and Bartholomew of Cremona to the court of the Great Khan at Karakorum to seek his alliance against the Muslims | |||
| Swietopulk of East Pomerania makes peace with the Teutonic Knights | |||
| 1254 | Apr 9 | Innocent again excommunicates Conrad IV | |
| Apr 22 | Treaty of Toledo makes peace between Henry of England and Alfonso of Castile | ||
| Apr 24 | Louis leaves Palestine; civil war breaks out there | ||
| May 21 | Death of Conrad IV, King of the Romans, Sicily and Jerusalem; succeeded in Sicily by his son Conradin | ||
| Jul 11 | Louis arrives back in France | ||
| Jul 13 | Confederation of Rhenish towns forms | ||
| Sep 13 | Armenia becomes a vassal state of the Mongols | ||
| Nov 2 | Manfred begins anti-papal revolt in the Regno, seizes Lucera | ||
| Nov 3 | Death of John III Vatatzes, Emperor of Nicaea; succeeded by his son, Theodore II Lascaris | ||
| Dec 2 | Manfred defeats papal troops near Foggia | ||
| Dec 7 | Death of Innocent IV; Alexander IV elected | ||
| Afonso of Portugal holds the first Cortes attended by the towns | |||
| Registers of the Parlemenets of Paris begin | |||
| Marco Polo born | |||
| Llewelyn makes himself sole ruler of the Welsh | |||
| Teutonic Knights found Königsberg | |||
| 1255 | Sep | Papal troops in the Regno surrender to Manfred | |
| Nov | Romans expel their podestà Brancaleone; Pope Alexander returns | ||
| Death of Batu, Khan of the Golden Horde | |||
| 1256 | Jan 28 | Death of William of Holland, King of the Romans | |
| Dec | Hulagu captures Assassin stronghold at Alamut; the Mongols now eliminate the Assassins in Persia | ||
| Alfonso X supervises the compilation of the Siete Partidas, a law code | |||
| Alexander IV recognizes the Austin Friars as a mendicant order | |||
| Albertus Magnus, De Unitate Intellectus contra Averroem | |||
| 1257 | Jan 13 | Richard, Earl of Cornwall, elected King of the Romans; this is the first mention of the Seven Electors of the Empire | |
| May 17 | Richard crowned King of the Romans at Aachen | ||